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Spotlight PEPPOL BIS Billing 3.0 The EU e-invoicing mandate is here — France Sept 2026, Belgium Jan 2026, Germany 2025.

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X12 894 — Delivery/Return Base Record

The 894 documents a DSD (Direct Store Delivery) — beverages, snacks, bread — at the store check-in: delivered items, returned items, check-in total.

Purpose

The 894 is the base element of the DSD flow: a route vendor (PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, Frito-Lay, bakers) who delivers directly to the store shelf and picks up unsold stock emits an 894 at check-in. The document lists delivered SKUs with quantity, returned SKUs, and the monetary total. The retailer reconciles at the point of sale on a tablet or check-out printer for signature.

The 894 is high-volume in CPG DSD: a large grocery chain receives thousands of 894s a day. Downstream it triggers settlement via the usual channels (810 or pre-paid) and inventory updates; some networks pair it with an 852 for automatic replenishment.

Envelope structure

The 894 travels in a functional group DX (Delivery). Didactic example in release 004010 for a soda delivery:

x12 example-894.x12 
ISA*00*          *00*          *ZZ*ACMEBEV       *ZZ*ACMERETAIL    *260514*0900*U*00401*000000894*0*P*>~
GS*DX*ACMEBEV*ACMERETAIL*20260514*0900*1*X*004010~
ST*894*0001~
G82*D*INV-DSD-2026-001*ACMEBEV*001*ACMERETAIL*0042*PO-DSD-77*20260514~
N1*BY*ACME RETAIL STORE 42*92*0042~
N1*VN*ACME BEVERAGE INC*92*BEV-9087~
LS*0100~
G83*1*24*EA*012345678905***SODA-330-CAN-X24~
G83*2*6*EA*012345678912***SODA-1500-BTL-X6~
LE*0100~
G84*30*72.50~
G86*D~
SE*9*0001~
GE*1*1~
IEA*1*000000894~

The G82 (Delivery Header Information) opens with: type (D = Delivery, R = Return), invoice ID, vendor and store IDs, blanket-PO, date. The N1 segments identify buyer and supplier. The LS/LE loop holds the line details, with one G83 (Line Item Detail) per delivered or returned SKU. The G84 (Line Item Summary) totals quantity and amount, and G86 (Signature) closes the check-in session.

Common segments

  • Header — ST, G82 (Delivery Header Information).
  • Parties — N1 loop (BY, VN, SH, RI).
  • Line detail — LS/LE loop containing G83 per SKU, with delivered or returned quantity, unit price, and UPC.
  • Allowances — G72 (Allowance or Charge) at line or document level.
  • Summary — G84 (Line Item Summary), G86 (Signature), SE.

Common pitfalls

  • UPC vs retailer SKU: most retailers require the GS1 UPC in G8304; a vendor-internal SKU will be rejected or reconciled manually.
  • Up-to-date pricing book: the unit price sent must reflect the store's current pricing book; a discrepancy triggers a manual reconciliation that erases the DSD gain.
  • Coupling with the 895: if the retailer fails to return an 895 within the expected window, the vendor cannot tell whether the delivery has been accepted.

Documentation

The code 894 and the name Delivery/Return Base Record are public and listed on x12.org/products/transaction-sets. DSD guides (Pepsi, Coca-Cola, Frito-Lay) are distributed to retail partners under bilateral agreement.