FATF-VASP

FATF VASP entity crypto reglementee AML/CFT.

Définition

FATF VASP definition 5 activites : (1) Exchange between Virtual Assets and Fiat Currencies, (2) Exchange between Virtual Assets (crypto-to-crypto), (3) Transfer of Virtual Assets (custodial wallet, sending), (4) Safekeeping and/or administration of Virtual Assets (custody), (5) Participation in and provision of Financial Services related to Issuer's Offer (ICO/STO underwriting). Obligations VASPs : Registration / Licensing (national level), KYC AML monitoring, Reporting Suspicious Activity Reports SARs, Travel Rule compliance, Sanctions screening (OFAC, EU Sanctions). Implementation juridictions : EU MiCA CASP (Crypto Asset Service Provider) classification, USA FinCEN MSB Money Services Business + state Money Transmitter License, UK FCA Money Laundering Regulations, Singapore MAS Payment Services Act 2019, Japan FSA crypto exchange license. Penalties non-compliance VASPs : multi-million USD/EUR fines (Binance $4.3B settlement 2023 USA largest).

Origine

FATF Recommendation 15 amended 2019 (June Plenary) definition VASP first introduced ; FATF Guidance 2019 ; updates 2021, 2023 ; ~60 juridictions implemented VASP framework.

Exemple en contexte

Coinbase Europe (Irlande) registered comme VASP Central Bank of Ireland Authorisation depuis 2021 ; KYC tous users EU, AML monitoring transactions, Travel Rule compliance, SAR reports vers FIU Financial Intelligence Unit en cas suspect activity.

Termes liés

• FATF Travel Rule — obligation VASPs.